WEBVTT 1 00:00:00.359 --> 00:00:06.000 [Singing in Spanish] 2 00:00:10.720 --> 00:00:12.470 [Singing continues] 3 00:00:12.934 --> 00:00:19.490 Nelson Maldonado-Torres: Decolonize the University conference is a celebration of the 40th anniversary 4 00:00:19.490 --> 00:00:21.490 of the Department of Ethnic Studies, 5 00:00:21.490 --> 00:00:27.420 and what we're doing in the conference is, on the one hand, yes, celebrating the space 6 00:00:27.420 --> 00:00:30.570 that professors and faculty of Ethnic Studies occupy. 7 00:00:30.570 --> 00:00:35.570 This is the place where we feel honored to work and serve. 8 00:00:35.570 --> 00:00:38.615 But also, it is a time to look ahead. 9 00:00:38.615 --> 00:00:42.000 [Percussion and singing] 10 00:00:46.969 --> 00:00:50.398 Maldonado-Torres: To look ahead, on the one hand, 11 00:00:50.398 --> 00:00:52.398 in the context of the current struggle against the investment 12 00:00:52.719 --> 00:00:54.510 in public education. 13 00:00:54.510 --> 00:00:59.379 On the other hand, to look ahead in the sense of looking to the next four years of transformations 14 00:00:59.379 --> 00:01:03.980 in Ethnic Services scholarship and the University at large. 15 00:01:03.980 --> 00:01:08.672 So, in a way, we are both celebrating and looking ahead. 16 00:01:08.672 --> 00:01:16.210 For that, we have brought activists and leaders who were crucial to making it a reality 40 17 00:01:16.210 --> 00:01:17.210 years ago. 18 00:01:17.210 --> 00:01:22.040 They are here at the conference, and also, other students who, during the process, felt 19 00:01:22.040 --> 00:01:27.960 the need to organize to impact the university to take Ethnic Studies at different points 20 00:01:27.960 --> 00:01:29.329 out of different crises. 21 00:01:29.329 --> 00:01:33.360 So, those students, a number of them, are here as well. 22 00:01:33.360 --> 00:01:37.100 And we have experts also doing scholarly work. 23 00:01:37.100 --> 00:01:44.600 We have artists, poets, and poetry going on in different panels, intersected with scholarly 24 00:01:44.600 --> 00:01:45.680 works. 25 00:01:45.680 --> 00:01:53.060 We also have a number of participants presenting on spirituality and doing workshops on the 26 00:01:53.060 --> 00:01:54.060 topic. 27 00:01:54.060 --> 00:01:58.899 We have the more traditional scholarly reflection and scholarly panel that we consider vital 28 00:01:58.899 --> 00:02:03.690 and important for what we're trying to imagine, which is a decolonized University represented 29 00:02:03.690 --> 00:02:07.043 in what we're calling the Third World College. 30 00:02:07.043 --> 00:02:11.132 [Percussion and singing] 31 00:02:14.962 --> 00:02:18.304 Maldonado-Torres: Decolonize the University will be about generating and 32 00:02:18.304 --> 00:02:20.304 forming a different kind of subject to be able to 33 00:02:21.640 --> 00:02:23.819 form a different kind of society. 34 00:02:23.819 --> 00:02:25.410 That's what we mean by decolonization. 35 00:02:25.410 --> 00:02:30.340 It doesn't mean going back to the 1960s or the 19th century. 36 00:02:30.340 --> 00:02:36.210 Today, it doesn't mean that we are equally colonized in that way, but it means that we 37 00:02:36.210 --> 00:02:42.370 still live in a web of relations of power that pretty much maintain a logic of colonization 38 00:02:42.370 --> 00:02:46.120 and that keep targeting the same typical communities. 39 00:02:46.120 --> 00:02:49.581 So, the very communities that were once literally colonized. 40 00:02:50.000 --> 00:02:52.000 Raquel Jacquez: This morning I want to propose 41 00:02:52.272 --> 00:02:56.611 to you that the term decolonial is a description, a declaration, and most importantly, a call 42 00:02:56.611 --> 00:02:58.150 to action. 43 00:02:58.150 --> 00:03:01.659 By denying what we are not, we are also proclaiming what we are. 44 00:03:01.659 --> 00:03:05.810 By denying the colonized knowledges of those who have destroyed our communities, we are 45 00:03:05.810 --> 00:03:11.150 simultaneously declaring the value of new knowledges, particularly those from the lived 46 00:03:11.150 --> 00:03:16.040 experiences of our ancestors, our families, communities, and ourselves. 47 00:03:16.040 --> 00:03:21.900 It is an affirmation of our lived history, shared stories, healing processes, and our 48 00:03:21.900 --> 00:03:23.459 continued struggles. 49 00:03:23.692 --> 00:03:27.619 Paola Bacchetta: I see decolonization in terms of really 50 00:03:27.619 --> 00:03:31.709 the inseparability of race, racism, ethnicity, 51 00:03:31.709 --> 00:03:35.580 gender, and sexualities. 52 00:03:35.580 --> 00:03:40.720 I think that it's important to have a feminist and queer perspective on decolonization, which 53 00:03:40.720 --> 00:03:42.634 the conference definitely had. 54 00:03:42.634 --> 00:03:44.634 Wayne Yang: People here have been really challenging the concept of 55 00:03:44.690 --> 00:03:51.940 University and what does it mean to decolonize it and so that it wasn't a celebration as 56 00:03:51.940 --> 00:03:53.730 if we had decolonized anything. 57 00:03:53.730 --> 00:03:58.167 It was more of still an aspiration of hope, a vision, a dream. 58 00:03:58.167 --> 00:04:00.167 [Drumming] 59 00:04:01.010 --> 00:04:06.000 Bacchetta: Before we can decolonize the university, we have to decolonize society, 60 00:04:06.000 --> 00:04:09.176 and before decolonizing society, we have to actually decolonize ourselves. 61 00:04:09.176 --> 00:04:13.236 [Drumming] 62 00:04:15.701 --> 00:04:21.150 Harvey Dong: Whenever we talk about the Third World Strike at SF State and the Third World Strike at 63 00:04:21.150 --> 00:04:27.470 UC Berkeley, we always think of it as two different strikes, but actually, if you really 64 00:04:27.470 --> 00:04:29.720 look at it, it was one strike. 65 00:04:30.938 --> 00:04:33.450 You know, the Third World strike, it was a movement. 66 00:04:33.450 --> 00:04:41.220 And that's where you get that relentlessness, you know, people willing to continue to move 67 00:04:41.220 --> 00:04:47.850 on to suffer whatever consequences, you know, for a larger goal and larger unity. 68 00:04:48.000 --> 00:04:54.560 Victoria Wong: I mean, when we started the strike, it was always from a much broader revolutionary perspective 69 00:04:54.560 --> 00:04:59.610 of what will help the oppressed in the world, particularly at that time with the war in 70 00:04:59.610 --> 00:05:02.234 Vietnam and Indochina. 71 00:05:02.234 --> 00:05:07.570 Whatever motive, whatever votes we took about even ending the strike or accepting the terms 72 00:05:07.570 --> 00:05:11.770 of the University was from what would the Vietnamese want us to do, what would help 73 00:05:11.770 --> 00:05:16.030 them in their struggle to kick out the U.S aggressors in their country. 74 00:05:16.523 --> 00:05:24.160 Dong: So you could say that the strikes at San Francisco State and UC Berkeley were creating centers 75 00:05:24.160 --> 00:05:26.400 of resistance. 76 00:05:26.400 --> 00:05:34.720 But after these strikes had subsided and we were entering more of a phase of negotiations 77 00:05:34.720 --> 00:05:45.250 for monies, budgets, FTEs, etc., that new centers of resistance began to evolve. 78 00:05:45.250 --> 00:05:53.150 Wong: We felt the Third World experience was, is, and should be part of the whole American experience 79 00:05:53.150 --> 00:05:58.240 and education and not a token niche degree. 80 00:05:58.240 --> 00:06:03.500 That's why we came up with the idea of having our own Third World college that would free 81 00:06:03.500 --> 00:06:11.280 us from their control, that we would be free to determine our own cultures and traditions 82 00:06:11.280 --> 00:06:15.310 and set up our agenda. 83 00:06:15.310 --> 00:06:22.170 Benny Stewart: I think the dream of having a Third World college is a part of solving the problem at 84 00:06:22.170 --> 00:06:23.500 San Francisco State. 85 00:06:23.500 --> 00:06:28.229 There is a school of ethnic studies, and there are still problems that I've talked about 86 00:06:28.229 --> 00:06:29.880 that still exist. 87 00:06:29.880 --> 00:06:36.070 But I think that a school is a step that perhaps that will make it easier, but I think we still 88 00:06:36.070 --> 00:06:40.370 have to deal with programs that address the problem, 89 00:06:40.370 --> 00:06:46.710 and that is producing smart, sharp students but also problem solvers that are not just 90 00:06:46.710 --> 00:06:51.600 going to get a paycheck but to uplift their communities. 91 00:06:51.600 --> 00:06:56.930 Maldonado-Torres: We're making the statement that the Third World College is an unfinished project that 92 00:06:56.930 --> 00:06:59.930 we need still to think about it, 93 00:06:59.930 --> 00:07:05.919 to think about what are the elements missing that are valuable for us now to pursue. 94 00:07:05.919 --> 00:07:11.080 What other elements also become important for the Third World college and ultimately 95 00:07:11.080 --> 00:07:15.440 not only for the Third World College understood as just a side within the university 96 00:07:15.440 --> 00:07:20.592 but as an engine, as a motor of change within the university and ultimately beyond the university 97 00:07:20.592 --> 00:07:21.919 wars as well. 98 00:07:21.919 --> 00:07:25.580 Yang: So, in part when I'm thinking about a Third World University, I have no idea what this 99 00:07:25.580 --> 00:07:28.440 is going to look like, y'all, but I'm just throwing it out for consideration. 100 00:07:28.440 --> 00:07:32.560 I'm thinking we're talking about not just courses on racial formation and intersectionality, 101 00:07:32.560 --> 00:07:33.560 queer color critique. 102 00:07:33.560 --> 00:07:34.660 It critiques the nation. 103 00:07:34.660 --> 00:07:38.060 We're talking about training our own doctors, our own teachers, our own economists, our 104 00:07:38.060 --> 00:07:42.404 own legal scholars, our own workers for decolonization. 105 00:07:42.404 --> 00:07:43.680 [Applause] 106 00:07:43.680 --> 00:07:48.270 I think in this day and age for this thought to be a dream but to be a strategy. 107 00:07:48.270 --> 00:07:52.069 This a Third World University would by necessity have to start off institutional. 108 00:07:52.069 --> 00:07:55.450 We would have to have a department at UC San Diego, we'd have to have a department in Berkeley, 109 00:07:55.450 --> 00:07:58.280 have to have a department at the community college, we'd have to have a department of 110 00:07:58.280 --> 00:08:02.810 high school, we'd have to have our medical school in Cuba, and we would have to be an 111 00:08:02.810 --> 00:08:05.190 Institutional International University. 112 00:08:05.190 --> 00:08:09.107 Interviewer: So then it's the dream for the Third World College still alive? 113 00:08:09.107 --> 00:08:11.319 Wong: Oh yes, if you can see it right here. 114 00:08:11.582 --> 00:08:17.582 [Singing and percussion] 115 00:08:22.177 --> 00:08:27.780 Jacquez: Access to higher education for people of color is only the first step in the process of creating 116 00:08:27.780 --> 00:08:31.240 a more diverse and strengthened University. 117 00:08:31.240 --> 00:08:37.710 We all know that by adding a few colored people to the mix is what is often meant by diversity. 118 00:08:37.710 --> 00:08:43.839 But what we mean is a deconstruction, decolonization, and as Samuel said yesterday, a defragmentation 119 00:08:43.839 --> 00:08:46.020 of the institution itself. 120 00:08:46.020 --> 00:08:50.170 Krysta Beckley: I was raised in Los Angeles, and I've been attending California public schools for 14 121 00:08:50.170 --> 00:08:54.690 years, and I feel like I have always been fighting for a relevant education. 122 00:08:54.690 --> 00:08:58.890 Even when I came to Berkeley, I immediately realized that if I didn't fight for ethnic 123 00:08:58.890 --> 00:09:03.590 studies, it would never look the way that I had hoped it would look when I took my first 124 00:09:03.590 --> 00:09:04.590 course here. 125 00:09:04.590 --> 00:09:09.473 Xamuel Bañales: I still yet have to see a transformation of the University so that this could be a place 126 00:09:09.473 --> 00:09:14.310 that I feel good in a place in which will provide me with an education that will link 127 00:09:14.310 --> 00:09:18.156 me to what's interesting to me, which is connecting to the community. 128 00:09:18.156 --> 00:09:21.550 Maldonado-Torres: This common struggle 129 00:09:21.550 --> 00:09:27.160 against the budget cuts right for the investment in public education ultimately is a struggle 130 00:09:27.160 --> 00:09:31.212 that particularly communities of color have known. 131 00:09:31.212 --> 00:09:33.040 It is not new to them, right? 132 00:09:33.040 --> 00:09:39.019 This is a stage of crisis is more like the natural condition of the communities of color 133 00:09:39.019 --> 00:09:41.160 in respect to the University. 134 00:09:41.160 --> 00:09:45.010 So these communities are very well acquainted with lack of access, with exclusion. 135 00:09:45.010 --> 00:09:48.940 We're finding the University an inhospitable place. 136 00:09:48.940 --> 00:09:54.060 Today, we're trying to say no we are claiming, we're trying to shape this University 137 00:09:54.060 --> 00:09:59.014 so that one day we can say firmly and surely this is our University. 138 00:09:59.014 --> 00:10:02.597 Cherrie Moraga: And this is what I hope for you 139 00:10:02.597 --> 00:10:05.440 as a new generation of conscienced world citizens 140 00:10:05.440 --> 00:10:11.839 that in this manner you will begin to reimagine and reactivate the political project of public 141 00:10:11.839 --> 00:10:19.100 education at all levels so that it may fulfill its mandate to provide a socially just learning 142 00:10:19.100 --> 00:10:20.100 environment. 143 00:10:20.100 --> 00:10:23.279 Still, we want more than justice. 144 00:10:23.279 --> 00:10:31.140 We want, I want, an education which honors the disenfranchised body as a repository of knowledge 145 00:10:31.140 --> 00:10:37.160 is capable of transforming this benighted nation we call home. 146 00:10:37.160 --> 00:10:41.162 [Applause] 147 00:10:43.848 --> 00:10:48.130 Johnathen Duran: I want to talk about the idea of art being used as a tool of Revolution because when 148 00:10:48.130 --> 00:10:53.010 they legitimate or delegitimate art based on location or based on medium 149 00:10:53.010 --> 00:10:55.380 then they're really saying something about where folks can come from and what they can 150 00:10:55.380 --> 00:10:59.430 say no it's really about us being able to say I don't need to buy clothes with art on 151 00:10:59.430 --> 00:11:00.430 them. 152 00:11:00.430 --> 00:11:01.430 I can make my own. 153 00:11:01.430 --> 00:11:03.490 I can create my messages. 154 00:11:03.490 --> 00:11:07.760 A lot of times throughout history when things have not been allowed, specifically communication, 155 00:11:07.760 --> 00:11:13.310 messaging, folks have written it on walls, you know, to convey information that wasn't 156 00:11:13.310 --> 00:11:17.769 legitimated, right, that wasn't allowed by the state. 157 00:11:17.769 --> 00:11:21.447 Roger Alvarado: We are putting together this... 158 00:11:21.447 --> 00:11:25.884 We call it the All Part of the People Project at San Francisco State. 159 00:11:25.884 --> 00:11:31.310 And what we're looking at doing is trying to create a living archive, trying 160 00:11:31.310 --> 00:11:34.507 to redefine what an archive is. 161 00:11:34.507 --> 00:11:37.430 Crista Mohammed: I'm looking at the 162 00:11:37.430 --> 00:11:40.599 colonial inheritance in our education system, briefly. 163 00:11:40.599 --> 00:11:47.340 The name of my paper as is in the program is "Dispensing of the 164 00:11:47.340 --> 00:11:51.021 British Man Within: the colonizing eye." 165 00:11:51.021 --> 00:11:53.021 Douglas Daniels: Racism is a fact. 166 00:11:56.428 --> 00:12:00.000 You see, people like to deny that. 167 00:12:00.000 --> 00:12:01.580 They can't see it. 168 00:12:01.580 --> 00:12:05.756 I say it's invisible like gravity. 169 00:12:05.756 --> 00:12:07.756 [Audience laughter] 170 00:12:07.756 --> 00:12:09.756 Like air. 171 00:12:09.756 --> 00:12:11.756 It's invisible. 172 00:12:11.756 --> 00:12:15.452 It's like the bullet that kills you. 173 00:12:15.452 --> 00:12:22.112 You don't see it and you don't hear it but other people see its effects. 174 00:12:22.259 --> 00:12:26.939 Cherrie Moraga: For us there is no postmodern no post-colonial, 175 00:12:26.939 --> 00:12:28.792 in the literal sense of those words. 176 00:12:28.980 --> 00:12:36.383 For we remain so colonized from within and without and especially and specifically as mujeres. 177 00:12:37.440 --> 00:12:43.000 We unwittingly continue to do the white man's bidding-- not all of us, no, but all of us have 178 00:12:43.000 --> 00:12:50.190 to struggle against a profound internalized colonization. 179 00:12:50.190 --> 00:12:55.232 [Singing in Spanish] 180 00:12:56.240 --> 00:12:58.240 [Glass breaking] 181 00:12:58.240 --> 00:13:00.240 [Rattling] 182 00:13:01.254 --> 00:13:05.580 Yang: I feel challenged by the students here, by the minds here, by the elders here, and by 183 00:13:05.580 --> 00:13:07.703 the people who are not here. 184 00:13:07.703 --> 00:13:10.391 Our students who are still 185 00:13:11.129 --> 00:13:12.668 who are, you know, literally occupying buildings 186 00:13:12.668 --> 00:13:17.483 and taking actions against racial terror that's happening currently in UC San Diego. 187 00:13:17.483 --> 00:13:19.989 By students who will one day be here, 188 00:13:19.989 --> 00:13:23.839 who are maybe not even born yet, and I feel challenged by them 189 00:13:23.839 --> 00:13:25.070 in terms of my scholarship. 190 00:13:25.070 --> 00:13:31.519 Like, how am I decolonizing myself so that my words are not 191 00:13:31.519 --> 00:13:34.838 simply part of that reproduction of colonial knowledge? 192 00:13:37.640 --> 00:13:40.279 Bacchetta: Already the struggles have brought us a lot. 193 00:13:40.279 --> 00:13:46.680 It's not a futile process because they've brought, you know, they brought the department, 194 00:13:46.680 --> 00:13:48.350 the Departments of Ethnic Studies. 195 00:13:48.350 --> 00:13:54.149 But also, without struggles, we would not have the interdisciplinary sites that we do 196 00:13:54.149 --> 00:14:00.949 have, as restricted and small as they are, they would not exist at all, you know, 197 00:14:00.949 --> 00:14:02.430 were it not for these struggles. 198 00:14:02.430 --> 00:14:05.344 Moraga: In many ways, I still hold the belief that 199 00:14:05.344 --> 00:14:07.496 ethnic studies provides for students of color 200 00:14:07.496 --> 00:14:12.940 a much-needed legitimization of our home cultures within the academy. 201 00:14:12.940 --> 00:14:18.220 For me, ethnic studies classroom is a small piece of unclaimed territory. 202 00:14:18.220 --> 00:14:25.410 This 10-week dialogue I have with my students is a kind of extended "si fuera posible" moment. 203 00:14:25.410 --> 00:14:30.000 Stewart: The state of Black studies as I know it today, 204 00:14:31.201 --> 00:14:35.570 One, I give recognition that it is still going on, 205 00:14:35.570 --> 00:14:38.770 is still inexistent and it is struggle. 206 00:14:38.770 --> 00:14:42.653 But two, the Black Studies field 207 00:14:42.653 --> 00:14:50.529 is far from what many of us as architects had a vision of. 208 00:14:50.529 --> 00:14:56.279 And that vision is that we feel like the Black Studies departments, in terms of teachers, 209 00:14:56.279 --> 00:15:02.930 should be a mechanism not just to culturally bring about awareness but also to put upon 210 00:15:02.930 --> 00:15:09.300 an emphasis of students to go back into their communities and to deal with problems. 211 00:15:09.300 --> 00:15:15.500 Dong: The state of Ethics Studies right now is not that good, you know, in terms of you have 212 00:15:15.500 --> 00:15:20.120 professors that are retiring and they're not automatically being replaced. 213 00:15:20.120 --> 00:15:29.089 You have some professors who have passed away, and their positions are still vacant, okay? 214 00:15:29.089 --> 00:15:37.029 The other thing is I think there's also a need for the new professors to actually learn 215 00:15:37.029 --> 00:15:45.709 about the history of the TWLF and to learn about the history of student engagement in 216 00:15:45.709 --> 00:15:51.240 terms of the formation of this department and how students and professors could actually 217 00:15:51.240 --> 00:15:52.470 work together. 218 00:15:52.470 --> 00:15:58.709 Moraga: The fact that 40 years after the Third World Strike, the UC Berkeley catalog now lists 219 00:15:58.709 --> 00:16:04.699 hundreds of courses dealing with race is an impressive achievement, but it does not mean 220 00:16:04.699 --> 00:16:06.089 the job was finished. 221 00:16:06.089 --> 00:16:13.360 As Richard Aoki noted, because the power differential in the university system has not shifted, as 222 00:16:13.360 --> 00:16:16.689 it has not shifted toward our communities. 223 00:16:19.399 --> 00:16:23.410 Bañales: So I see that it's kind of like not a beginning, you know, I don't see this as an end at all 224 00:16:23.410 --> 00:16:28.101 but part of the process so we'll see how this can generate and do more. 225 00:16:28.101 --> 00:16:29.738 Nesbit Cruthfield: Much time has passed. 226 00:16:29.738 --> 00:16:32.908 people have grown old, people have been born, 227 00:16:32.908 --> 00:16:36.000 and people have died who've been affected 228 00:16:36.000 --> 00:16:40.588 by this whole movement, by this whole phenomenon. 229 00:16:40.588 --> 00:16:44.192 And hoping and praying, if I may use that term, 230 00:16:44.192 --> 00:16:50.839 that the young people today will hear us and will try to learn from our experience 231 00:16:50.839 --> 00:16:56.610 and to add that to their bank of knowledge, and showing them what to do today. 232 00:16:57.057 --> 00:17:01.680 Obiamaka Ude: Like I've been hearing about twelfth and what it stands for and what it means and you know 233 00:17:01.680 --> 00:17:06.939 we as undergraduates try to latch on to what little bit of it we can and try to understand 234 00:17:06.939 --> 00:17:14.850 it without actually having a day-to-day interaction with people who have actually been there and 235 00:17:14.850 --> 00:17:17.430 have the opportunity to sit down with someone, 236 00:17:17.430 --> 00:17:19.799 have someone tell you this is what it was like. 237 00:17:19.799 --> 00:17:23.329 Bañales: If we can just have these spaces that again go across generations and you know from high 238 00:17:23.329 --> 00:17:27.740 school students, to college students, to community members--community members here as well too. 239 00:17:27.740 --> 00:17:31.481 I think this is part of the project of decolonization is to kind of rupture some of the ways in 240 00:17:31.481 --> 00:17:36.846 which the system set up that's so naturalized and how it functions. 241 00:17:36.846 --> 00:17:41.845 And this was a space where definitely we're trying to share stories 242 00:17:41.845 --> 00:17:44.130 across different types of communities, ethnicities, sexualities, gender, 243 00:17:44.130 --> 00:17:48.620 like all those trying to rupture the way in which society categorizes us. 244 00:17:48.620 --> 00:17:53.151 Bacchetta: There were also some people from the community who came who are not involved in the University 245 00:17:53.151 --> 00:17:59.400 necessarily and that was really encouraging that was really great because decolonizing 246 00:17:59.400 --> 00:18:04.960 the university has to do with the university but it also has to do with prior to the university, 247 00:18:04.960 --> 00:18:09.580 after the university, and beside the university, and beyond the university. 248 00:18:09.580 --> 00:18:14.669 It's not just a thing of confined to the ivory tower of the university. 249 00:18:14.669 --> 00:18:20.114 Dong: This conference itself I see is very optimistic 250 00:18:20.114 --> 00:18:24.697 in terms of another generation of students 251 00:18:24.697 --> 00:18:34.120 and younger professors involved in this conversation of a Third World College. 252 00:18:34.120 --> 00:18:37.480 Daniels: I think the conference is a wonderful idea. 253 00:18:37.480 --> 00:18:44.289 It's like a seed that we've planted, you know, we planted a seed 40 years ago and now people 254 00:18:44.289 --> 00:18:46.200 are planting another seed, 255 00:18:46.200 --> 00:18:51.970 and in weeks to come, we're going to see what the results of all this caucusing and planning is. 256 00:18:52.990 --> 00:18:59.490 And who knows what the future will hold when they started the strike they had no idea of 257 00:18:59.490 --> 00:19:07.960 what they're getting into with maybe a few exceptions amongst the veterans who knew it 258 00:19:07.960 --> 00:19:09.590 would be a long and protracted struggle. 259 00:19:09.590 --> 00:19:14.210 But a lot of people just walk by, "what's going on?" and they didn't know in weeks to come they'd 260 00:19:14.210 --> 00:19:20.964 be out there on the picket line. Revolutionis like that. 261 00:19:20.964 --> 00:19:24.730 It sucks you in. 262 00:19:24.730 --> 00:19:29.095 [Singing in Spanish] 263 00:19:38.117 --> 00:19:40.986 [Music continues]